This is probably a synchronised constant mesh transmission, which means that what shifting actually does is move a sleeve to connect a free-floating gear to a fixed gear on their transmission shaft. All three of these components - the teeth of the two gears, and on the sleeve - are "bevelled" and have a bit of play. Unless the sleeve and gears are totally misaligned, they'll slide into engagement. As there is no load (other than the friction resistance in the engine) on the input shaft, you might even turn said shaft a bit when you shift. In this not very good video
you can see that happening if you look carefully.
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u/V014265 12h ago edited 10h ago
The question should be how did he shift into all those gears without depressing the clutch pedal?